Usage

`javascript
var incrkmeans = require( '@stdlib/ml-incr-kmeans' );
`

#### incrkmeans( k\[, ndims]\[, options] )

Returns an accumulator function which incrementally partitions k [clusters][k-means-clustering].

`javascript
// Create an accumulator for partitioning 2-dimensional data into 5 clusters:
var accumulator = incrkmeans( 5, 2 );
`

To specify initial centroids, provide a 2-dimensional k-by-ndims [ndarray][@stdlib/ndarray/ctor] containing centroid locations.

`javascript
var Float64Array = require( '@stdlib/array-float64' );
var ndarray = require( '@stdlib/ndarray-ctor' );

// Specify initial centroids:
var buffer = new Float64Array([
0.0, 0.0,
1.0, 1.0,
1.0, -1.0,
-1.0, -1.0,
-1.0, 1.0
]);
var shape = [ 5, 2 ];
var strides = [ 2, 1 ];

var centroids = ndarray( 'float64', buffer, shape, strides, 0, 'row-major' );

// Create an accumulator for partitioning 2-dimensional data into 5 clusters:
var accumulator = incrkmeans( centroids );
`

The function accepts the following options:

- metric: distance metric. Must be one of the following:

- 'euclidean': Euclidean distance (default).
- 'cosine': cosine distance.
- 'correlation': correlation distance.

- init: an array containing the centroid initialization method and associated (optional) parameters. The first array element specifies the initialization method and must be one of the following:

- 'kmeans++': k-means++ initialization (default).
- 'sample': randomly sample from a specified number of data points.
- 'forgy': randomly assign data points to one of k clusters and compute cluster centroids.

The second array element specifies the number of data points to use when calculating initial centroids. When performing kmeans++ initialization, the third array element specifies the number of trials to perform when randomly selecting candidate centroids. Typically, more trials is correlated with initial centroids which lead to better clustering; however, a greater number of trials increases computational overhead. Default: [ 'kmeans++', k, 2+⌊ln(k)⌋ ].

- normalize: boolean indicating whether to normalize incoming data. This option is only relevant for non-Euclidean distance metrics. If set to true, an accumulator partitioning data based on cosine distance normalizes provided data to unit Euclidean length. If set to true, an accumulator partitioning data based on correlation distance first centers provided data and then normalizes data dimensions to have zero mean and unit variance. If this option is set to false and the metric is either cosine or correlation distance, then incoming data must already be normalized. Default: true.

- copy: boolean indicating whether to copy incoming data to prevent mutation during normalization. Default: true.

- seed: PRNG seed. Setting this option is useful when wanting reproducible centroid initialization.

#### accumulator( \[vector] )

If provided a data point vector, the accumulator function returns updated cluster results. If not provided a data point vector, the accumulator function returns the current cluster results.

`javascript
var Float64Array = require( '@stdlib/array-float64' );
var ndarray = require( '@stdlib/ndarray-ctor' );

// Create a data vector:
var buffer = new Float64Array( 2 );
var shape = [ 2 ];
var strides = [ 1 ];
var vec = ndarray( 'float64', buffer, shape, strides, 0, 'row-major' );

// Create an accumulator for partitioning 2-dimensional data into 5 clusters:
var accumulator = incrkmeans( 5, 2 );

// Provide data to the accumulator:
vec.set( 0, 2.0 );
vec.set( 1, 1.0 );

var out = accumulator( vec );
// e.g., returns {...}

vec.set( 0, 1.0 );
vec.set( 1, -5.0 );

out = accumulator( vec );
// e.g., returns {...}

vec.set( 0, 3.0 );
vec.set( 1, 3.14 );

out = accumulator( vec );
// e.g., returns {...}

out = accumulator();
// e.g., returns {...}
`

If not provided initial centroids, an accumulator caches data point vectors for subsequent centroid initialization. Until an accumulator computes initial centroids, an accumulator returns null. Once an accumulator has initial centroids (either provided or computed), an accumulator returns cluster results.

Cluster results are comprised of the following:

- centroids: a k-by-ndims matrix containing centroid locations. Each centroid is the component-wise mean of the data points assigned to a centroid's corresponding cluster.
- stats: a k-by-4 matrix containing cluster statistics.

Cluster statistics consists of the following columns:

- 0: number of data points assigned to a cluster.
- 1: total within-cluster sum of squared distances.
- 2: arithmetic mean of squared distances.
- 3: corrected sample standard deviation of squared distances.

#### accumulator.predict( \[out,] X )

Predicts centroid assignment for each data point in a provided matrix X.

`javascript
var Float64Array = require( '@stdlib/array-float64' );
var ndarray = require( '@stdlib/ndarray-ctor' );

// Create a data vector:
var buffer = new Float64Array( 2 );
var shape = [ 2 ];
var strides = [ 1 ];
var vec = ndarray( 'float64', buffer, shape, strides, 0, 'row-major' );

// Create an accumulator for partitioning 2-dimensional into 2 clusters:
var accumulator = incrkmeans( 2, 2, {
'init': [ 'sample', 2 ]
});

// Provide data to the accumulator:
vec.set( 0, 2.0 );
vec.set( 1, 1.0 );
accumulator( vec );

vec.set( 0, 1.0 );
vec.set( 1, -5.0 );
accumulator( vec );

vec.set( 0, 3.0 );
vec.set( 1, 3.14 );
accumulator( vec );

// Create a matrix containing the data points for which we want to predict cluster assignment:
buffer = new Float64Array( 4 );
shape = [ 2, 2 ];
strides = [ 2, 1 ];
var mat = ndarray( 'float64', buffer, shape, strides, 0, 'row-major' );

mat.set( 0, 0, 0.0 );
mat.set( 0, 1, 0.0 );

mat.set( 1, 0, 0.5 );
mat.set( 1, 1, -0.5 );

var out = accumulator.predict( mat );
// returns
`

To specify an output vector, provide a 1-dimensional [ndarray][@stdlib/ndarray/ctor] as the first argument. Each element in the returned vector corresponds to a predicted cluster index for a respective data point.