opt-param

add some sanity to loosely typed javascript option parameters.

this module simply pulls in a options object (from a function parameter) and returns a "cleaned up" version bassed on a declaration made in the code itself. check out the examples below.

reasoning

passing in an object literal containing parameters is super popular in all the favorite javascript libraries. it's super cool.

however, there is a downside in that, unless the code is well documented, it's hard to keep track of all the possible parameters passed through. this solves that issue by making the code self-documenting. (this also lets client look at your source and understand what they need to pass in without much effort)

install

``sh
npm install --save opt-param
`

usage

opt = optparam(opt, parameterDeclaration);

* opt: the option parameter to be used
* parameterDeclaration: an object whose keys are declared parameter names and whose values are objects declaring information about a parameter (as below in examples)
* return cleaned options object

$3

* the type value is basically the instanceof value as a string, to lower case.
* if a parameter is optional (required = false) and not present, the output object will still defined that key, but set the value explicitly to undefined
* parameters that are passed into the function that are not defined in the optparam call will be dropped from the output
* parameter declarations that do not have required: true will assume they are optional
* parameter declarations that do not have a type is assumed it's okay to be anything (parameter declarations can be an empty object)

$3

`js
var optparam = require('opt-param');

var doAThing = function(opt) {
// parse and modify the option parameter
opt = optparam(opt, {
w: {
// basic object type
type: 'number',
required: true
},
h: {
type: 'number',
required: true
}
/*
* we can also declare it as such:
* w: 'required number',
* h: 'required number',
* name: 'string', // optional string parameter
* opt: 'required' //required "whatever" parameter
*/
});

// lets see what it did
console.log('out:', opt);
console.log('w=' + opt.w + ', h=' + opt.h);
}

doAThing({
w: 12,
h: 34,
somethingExtra: 'this will be dropped'
});

/*
* outputs:
* out: { w: 12, h: 34 }
* w=12, h=34
*/

doAThing({
w: '12', // coerce to a 'number' type
h: 34
});

/*
* outputs:
* out: { w: 12, h: 34 }
* w=12, h=34
*/

doAThing({
w: 12
// we're missing a required field!
});

/*
* outputs:
* throws and error!
*/
`

we can do more stuff (more examples just for the sake of it);

`js
// but wait, there's more!
var doAnotherThing = function(opt) {
// parse and modify the option parameter
opt = optparam(opt, {
arr: {
// we can use arrays!
type: 'array',
required: false
}
});

if (opt.arr) {
console.log(opt.arr.length);
}
}

doAnotherThing(); // no output (opt.arr will be explicitly set to undefined)
doAnotherThing([]); // prints: 0
doAnotherThing([1, 2, 3]) // prints: 3
``